Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Mythology Summary and Analysis Greek Mythology the...

Mythology Summary and Analysis: Greek Mythology The Beginnings — Creation Summary In the beginning there was only Chaos, an empty void. But somehow this enormous vacancy gave birth to Gaea, the earth, to Tartarus, the great region beneath the earth, and to Eros, the shining god of love and attraction. Chaos also bore Erebus, the darkness of the netherworld, and Night, the darkness over the earth. Then Erebus slept with Night, who gave birth to Ether, the heavenly light, and to Day, the earthly light. Later Night alone produced such beings as Doom, Fate, Death, Sleep, Dreams, Nemesis, and a long list of other atrocities that steal upon men in darkness. Meanwhile Gaea, without help, gave birth to Uranus, the starry sky, to the Mountains,†¦show more content†¦Terrified, most of the gods fled. But Zeus was captured and confined. Released by Hermes, Zeus finally destroyed the dragon by hurling lightning at it again and again, and by burying it under Etna in Sicily. There was one more attempt to dislodge Zeus and the other Olympians from their mastery of the world. The Giants, who had sprouted from Uranus blood, were dissatisfied, so they laid siege to Olympus by piling mountain upon mountain in an attempt to scale it. It required all the prowess of the gods and the assistance of the mortal Heracles to subdue and kill the Giants. Having vanquished the Titans, the dragon Typhoeus, and the Giants, the rule of the Olympians was undisputed. That version of the creation was taken largely from Hesiod, a Greek poet of the seventh century B.C.. But here is an earlier story by way of contrast. Eurynome, the goddess of all creation, arose from Chaos and separated the sea from the sky. Then, dancing naked upon the waves, she created the wind and rubbed it in her hands to create the serpent Ophion, who made love to her. Pregnant, Eurynome became a dove and laid the World Egg, and Ophion coiled about the Egg and hatched it. This Egg brought forth the cosmos and everything in it. Then Eurynome and Ophion settled on Olympus, but their union was unhappy. When Ophion proclaimed himself the Creator, Eurynome banished him to theShow MoreRelatedMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesPhenomenology of the Narrative, 16 II Problems of Film Semiotics Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. The Cinema: Language or Language System? 31 Some Points in the Semiotics of the Cinema, 92 Problems of Denotation in the Fiction Film, 108 III Syntagmatic Analysis of the Image Track Chapter 6. Outline of the Autonomous Segments in Jacques Rozier s film Adieu Philippine, 149 Chapter 7. Syntagmatic Study of Jacques Rozier s Film Adieu Philippine, 177 vii viii CONTENTS IV The Modern Cinema: Some TheoreticalRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesmarketing/strategy interface Summary xi xiii 1 3 3 7 11 19 37 41 43 45 45 50 53 70 71 75 77 79 79 80 81 86 88 89 101 102 104 107 109 Stage One: Where are we now? Strategic and marketing analysis 2 Marketing auditing and the analysis of capability 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Learning objectives Introduction Reviewing marketing effectiveness The role of SWOT analysis Competitive advantage and the value chain Conducting effective audits Summary 3 Segmental, productivity and ratio analysis 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4

Monday, December 23, 2019

Parental Sex Education - 987 Words

Over the last decade, the percentage of U.S. high school students who report having sexual intercourse has declined (Henshaw, 2003). Promisingly, the percent of U.S. teens surveyed also stated an increase in contraceptive use. Despite these positive trends, the United States still has one of the highest levels of teen pregnancy among developed countries and accounts for more than four million teens contracting sexually transmitted infections each year! During President Bush’s 2000 campaign, he nearly tripled funding for abstinence-only education from 73 million in 2001 to 204 million in 2008 (Boonstra, 2010). In a 2007 study, paid for by the United States government, there was no evidence supporting a difference in the number of sex†¦show more content†¦Researchers in Morelos Mexico were interested in evaluating the effectiveness of an educational intervention for parents of first year high school students aiming to impact adolescents’ sexual behavior, knowledg e and access to contraception (Compero, Walker, Atienzo Gutierrez, 2011). This quasi-experimental prospective study was aiming to evaluate the differences between sexual behavior in teens whose parents sought out assistance to comprehensively teach their teens about sex and those whose parents did not (control group). The study found significant differences between adolescents taught by parents in the intervention versus the control group (Compero et al 2011). Teens receiving information from parents in the intervention were more likely to delay the initiation of sexual intercourse, proved to have more accurate knowledge about emergency contraception and reported a higher percentage of parents that provided condoms for them. These results are suggestive that parent-focused interventions may be an effective strategy to promote adolescent sexual health. Despite the promotion of adolescent sexual health, parental sexual communication may serve other benefits as well. Sexual communication between parents and their children is a useful tool to convey sexual values, beliefs, expectations and knowledge that the parentsShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Birth Control1288 Words   |  6 Pages The contraceptive access also varies across the country. Some states require comprehensive sexual education and for teens to be able to access contraceptives. Some lean more towards abstinence only education in the hopes teens will steer away from sexual activities. There are also scattered clinics where teens can receive birth control. For many parents, this term conjures up images of teenage sex or pregnancy, which can cause them to ignore its other uses. However, birth control is a broad andRead MoreThe Prevention Of Teenage Pregnancy Essay1513 Words   |  7 PagesContraceptive Use, and Childbearing of Teenagers Aged 15–19 in the United States, CDC). These are most commonly used since there is no age restriction placed on them, unlike forms of female contraception. Females have to be over the age of eighteen or have parental consent to be granted any form of hormonal birth control from a clinic. In order to receive birth control from a clinic, they must have insurance to help bring costs down in order to afford it. There are also organizations such as Planned ParenthoodRead MoreSe x Education in Schools657 Words   |  3 PagesSex Education in Schools Nineteen-fifty five marked the debut of sex education programs in schools in the United States. Along the years, many have argued whether or not sex education should be taught in schools. Many believe that the education of sex encourages students to engage in sexual activities which lead to a higher number of pregnancies and sexual transmitted diseases (STD’s).The U.S. is the leading country in teen pregnancies and STD’s As the number of unplanned pregnancies and sexuallyRead MoreSchools, Latex, And Safe Sex : The Logic Behind Contraceptive1630 Words   |  7 PagesSchools, Latex, and Safe-Sex: The Logic behind Contraceptive Provision in Schools Many Americans have long and wrongfully assumed that the best approach to decrease teen pregnancy and spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is by committing students to an abstinence-only sex education. However, professionals have repeatedly revealed that while abstinence-only sex education programs have good intentions, they have shown both consistent and positive correlations with pregnancy and STDs. In contrastRead MoreSexual Education And Sex Ed1697 Words   |  7 PagesSexual education (sex ed) in public schools has long been a controversial and debated topic in society. There are several questions when it comes to approaching sex ed in schools. These questions include: appropriate age for introducing sex ed; should sex ed be mandatory or optional; and whether sex ed programs should be comprehensive or abstinence-based. Sex ed is a necessary subject to teach in schools. It should be appropriate to the grade level and taught in a knowledgeable, unbiased manner.Read More Power Relations : An Overview Essay1562 Words   |  7 Pagessociety (ed. Rabinow and Rose 2003). In relation to sex education, we can attribute this subjectivity to macro-level factors such as legislature passed by Congress and religious influence, societal level factors—age and gender and access to contraception, and familial factors—relationship between parents and children. Legislature Several studies have shown an overwhelming amount of support for comprehensive sex education compared to abstinence-only education (Herrman et al. 2013; Bourke 2014). DespiteRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Teen Pregnancy1085 Words   |  5 Pageslack of parental guidance contributes to teen pregnancy, most people evade their children from talking about sex. In some cases, they provide false information regarding sex and discourage their children to participate in any informative discussion about sex. In some cases, teenage mothers are not well educated about sex before getting pregnant and thus this leads to lack of communication between the parents and the children. Some parents feel that pregnancy is a result of the lack of sex educationRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy : A Growing Epidemic1733 Words   |  7 Pagesgov/sites/default/files/2015TPPMonth_DirectorStatement.pdf) Teenage pregnancy is a growing problem that has now become a major epidemic. Most of the incidents that happen with accidental teenage pregnancy are spontaneous acts that involved a lack of education and parental guidance. Two years ago, 19.4 percent of teen girls got pregnant in Maryland, according to The Office of Adolescent Health. According to guttmacher.org, â€Å"Although 70% of girls use contraceptives, most teen pregnancies happen because of misuseRead MoreThe, Birds And The Bees Analogy1575 Words   |  7 PagesSex is a very awkward subject to talk about especially for parents to their children, as it brings up thoughts and topics over raging hormones and actions. Ever since humans have evolved through time, sex has been imperative to survival by sharing various genetics, skills, and traits from both parties. Seems easy enough? Not necessarily. Even if parents do use the classic ‘birds and the bees’ analogy for discuss this scandalous subject, children are still curious about how it works and wish to exploreRead MoreThe Social Acceptance of Teen Pregnancy1006 Words   |  4 Pagesage of 13 when they were having children in royalty and this was considered the norm. By the 1900’s the country became more industrialized and it was not until the 1950’s, era of the baby boomers, w here during WW11 women were engaging in premarital sex. It was the norm for teens to marry out of high school their sweetheart and procreate. Gender roles were different and as the decades changed, so did the independence of women. Women now have unlimited opportunities to do anything they please without

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Literary Semiotics Free Essays

Literary Semiotics Quite often the terms semiotics and semiology are equal, so that often instead semiotics use semiology and vice versa. Ferdinand de Saussure speaks of the sign and the first makes the distinction between semiotics and semiology. Semiotics is the general theory of signs. We will write a custom essay sample on Literary Semiotics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Semiology study the functioning of the sign in the social practice. Today avoids this distinction and semiotics equate with semiology, ie, they are synonyms. GENERAL Semiotics: The sign does not exist only in language and literature, but in the film we have and tone as a sign, signs of the folk tradition (clouds as signs, etc.. . The sign is a general phenomenon that exists in all forms of human communication. With the help of the sign announce something. The sign communication across borders communion. It is believed that she sign communication has with animals, plants etc.. Within the general linguistic information and communication there is the literary form of communication between author and reader, between the work and the reader etc.. Semiotics is shared: First Semantics – which focuses on the relationship between sign and signified; Second Pragmatics – is a discipline that focuses on the relationship between the sign and the reader; Third Syntax, syntax – is a discipline that focuses on the relationship between signs, eg. : Texts as signs books as characters. Semiotics makes several typologies and distinguishes several types of sign systems: First PRIRODOJAZICHNI SYSTEMS – define them as first-and include natural languages, ie national languages (English, French, etc. ).. These are the languages that are characterized by a specific practice use. In these systems each character is in relation to an object (reference) from the reality. Not all characters are specified, does not always mean only objects that exist, which are in reality, but there are also abstract, metaphysical signs that signify something that is not tangible, but still exists in our consciousness. Second Artificial sign systems – Artificial signs we have in mathematics, science and so on. These signs are called artificial, because they agreed. These include road signs, sign language of the deaf, blind etc.. = Structure is a way of organizing systems. System and structure are inseparable. Third Secondary, secondary sign systems – usually build on existing linguistic systems and does not always refer to things that exist in nature. Literature uses natural language to translate literary, coding, etc. All secondary languages have pre-need of natural language and together constitute some already performed sign systems, such as. Literature. Secondary sign system eg. Myth – iconic, pictorial system. 4th Mixed HIBRIDIZIRANI SIGNS – eg. Essay which combines prirodojazichen system and a secondary sign system and pictorial system. th METAJAZICI – Metajazichni systems, metalanguage thoughts when one language describes another kind of language that is already built, eg. Theory of literature has described the literary language. There are meta-meta languages, such as literary criticism, literary methodology etc.. Semiotics distinguished: linguistic and nejazichni signs, verbal and non-verbal. Semiotics distinguishes several types of signs: First -Symbols – symbols are all coded signs and they denotativni. These signs have a high degree of codification and konvencionalnost. In these signs the relationship between the sign and the signified is kodiviciran. Second Sign-image – in these signs the relationship between sign and signified is vividly. Iconic signs konotivni signs. The model has features of artistic creation. Third Sign-INDEX – among them the relationship between sign and signified is causal. These signs are generally semiotic. Example: Where there is smoke there is fire. Among them there is a logical connection that occurs as a result of long-term perception. Eg. before an earthquake occurs, animals are disturbed, I felt mean. Also, prior to such disasters, we get information, warnings from other planets. All this belongs to indeksnoto information. Semiotics differs constant and variable signs. The sign indicates the object replaces the subject. Therefore, the sign is viewed by the subject marks. To sign appears must e apostoi need an item to be replaced, to signify. Roman Jakobson describes knizhenosta literary self-referential aesthetic message. Piece of literature at the same time can be referential (aesthetic) and referential. Znakovnosta literature does not exhaust WMO interest signified. The sign is a complex composition (signifier + signified). With signs serving entities, transferring to other entities, which means that there must be an agreement. In literature, there is a higher level of esthetics, but this does not exclude pragmatism. While eg. in journalism, a higher degree of pragmatism, but it does not necessarily mean that there is no aesthetic. There is intertextuality. For example, the parody – there parodiziranje literary work that already exists, we mythema, whose basic text comes from another, previously written text hipotekst. Even in the literature have metajazichnost yet dominate vtorostepenosta. It should be noted and the consideration that relates to the fact that there is a difference between literary and linguistic systems. Some systems faster change, others more slowly. Systems include konvencionalizirani relations imply a certain constancy legality. Speech is practice the kind of language use. Linguistic system is slowly changing. A change in the system of language comes when occurring changes in the conventional system. The change in the lexicon is not a real change in the language, but the change in syntax is a real change, because the syntax is a mirror of the language, it is the soul, the essence of language. In the 20th century resulting rapid and radical changes in literary systems, and in language systems can not change for centuries. Literary system as a secondary Literary Semiotics Systems vary in degree modelativnata power. Systems have a high degree of first instance modelativna power and appeal have lower degree modelativna power. Literature is not that important (secondary) sign system. In the literature, the language system is reorganized in a different way, because prirodojazichniot system is already encoded, he once again coded in the literature, which means that the literary system is doubly coded. = CODE = Code means is prohibited and what is not. The term â€Å"code† is not a purely literary term, but comes from egzaknite sciences (mathematics, computer science). Code shows us the optimal boundary between the forbidden and permitted. Modelativnata power is the ability to present a subject in the form of linguistic or literary figure. The model is a picture of the items indicating displays a single character. Model of the object is displayed in a text can be closer to the world that displays, but can be distant. Therefore, some characters are considered to be relatively more realistic poreferencijalni, open to predmetmetot and others are considered less referential, hermetic and more confined to the subject. Structure prirodojazichniot sign implies a direct connection between the sign and the referent. A literary system that relationship between the sign and the object is indirect, and even invisible. When reading the signs, the whole array of interpretenti that are sorted from other sign with any reader pbuduva whole range of different images, each reader think differently. For example, the term â€Å"Company† each poimuva different: one has a no house, stone house, ruined house, a beautiful house, a house-snail, small house, white house etc.. Models, the image of the subject in the literature represents what must exist, what can be absent. Ordinary language signs poreferencijalni, because the connection between the sign and the matter may be provieri, and in literature it has not. Some literary characters completely reject referentiality and identify as nereferencijalni or auto-referential. They completely distracted by the relationship between the sign and object, life, the world, etc.. But after Mallarme annulling all those links, they are invisible, and even signs can not signify anything other than themselves. These marks signify themselves and thus resolve the question of the definition of the sign that always means something that exists outside of them. These characters have their origin and their long-lasting tradition. Repealed logical connections between them, or at least invisible at first glance. There are literary characters to a greater extent referential and such that auto-referential, that encourage thinking the sign, except the exact information they want to offer something more to the subject, ie the world who represent; those signs tend to have a broader, more universal information how organized life and the world. In the literary system is activated principle sozvuchnost musicality, that activates the eneral signification semiotichnost, which plays a major role in the formation of literary texts that it does not matter what you say, but how you say. There are two completely identical words. Ordinary linguistic signs are distinguished by a high degree of symmetry between the object and the sign by which that object is marked. These signs are harder legible because they distort the image of a world that is marked with thi s sign; while doing so because of the asymmetry between the sign and the object, ie the world; not think of anything specifically. Literary system is: First secondary, secondary; Second double coded; Third iconic, picturesque, with a high degree modelativnost; 4th relationship between the object and the sign is asymmetric; 5th shows interest in the character and high degree of auto-and at the same time and communication and information. It is believed that all these properties of the literary system, its structure shows in a nutshell – the tropics. It is believed that ordinary language tends to conventionalize be used automatically, but literary-art information tends to be something more than mere information. In this sense, ordinary expressions have low informativnost. The purpose of literature is constantly questioned images umrtvile forgotten language, and it achieves when they express will deliver another new context and text and no more primates using automated. What’s old, already seen, automated, predictable, does not carry much information. But when you make a transformation, modification context, the degree of unpredictability gives it clear that there is some degree of artistic expression. What is stereotypically can perform literary function only when you are questioned and it will say something new, unknown, unpredictable. In literary communication is very important reader that fits into his measure expectation is already known, conventional, and what exceeds this measure is shocking and purely literary. To develop the system, it should be constantly introduce changes that will have a radical character. It is believed that the literary system is a complex system, because it is simultaneously modelativen iconic communicative, informative etc.. STRUCTURE AND LITERARY-artistic structure The term structure is taken from disciplines that have the exact character. This term means the constitution, construction, structure, composition. Can speak of a connection between the structure and the system (composition pragma). Pragma-linguistic semantic __ decorative what is encountered in all literary genres. Literary form is prezentativen. There is a prejudice that oako speaks of structure, must be taken only strucuturalist method. Strucuturalist method of studying literature immanent – within, regardless of external factors. Structure – nestatichna. This term has its prehistory and predstrukturalistichkiot method. Promotes the emergence of Saussure, then in Prague structuralists in 30 years (Roman Jakobson). The structure is a way of organizing a race, when you are thinking of something dynamic, live outdoors. But it always is a minimum order, which can be viewed transhistoric outside of literature. It shows anthropology and linguistics. Distinguished two levels of understanding society. Archetypal structures – which manifests Oedipus, infanticide, Phaedra, and it asa eglavno negative occurrence. They are constantly renewing, changing WMO their name, the essence is the same. When speaking of the structure, not thinking assemblies, but the relationship between these parts that are different relations. The structure is latent given, you need to be activated to express a given relationship. It is not a material category, but a correlation between at least two parts, as part of one great whole. There must be a ratio of that unit which is higher than those who own parts. The label may not mean anything. Even the sign is a higher instance. It establishes relations between the sign and the signified. The context shows us how the text structures and includes the subject, as well as the channel through which they passed. The structure is separable elements that make up the parts that build a third instance. It is not equal to the sum of those parts. The idea of structure has its own continuum from Plato onwards. When speaking of a literary work of art can not change the way the author laid the parts. Work itself has a rigid structure, there is coherence. Any literary work of art has a minimum structure, within a text is completed. Structure does not exhaust in terms of the text itself, but continues in the relations between texts that are external. The internal structure is latent, but in proportion with the reader that changes its character. Structure becomes external, opens to a text read in a social context of a given epoch. It opens towards the category of value, ie toward non-literary categories participating in the reader and the author. The text-reader-author is different in the written and oral tradition. In oral literature there is a collective, multidisciplinary artist, oral text is intended for a different kind of reception kolektiviet (holidays protakularni religious rites). The novel is an individual kind. It introduces a new relation to the adoption of the text (information and understanding). In everyday communication relationships are different speakers-reader known. In the literary work of art speaks of aesthetic structure – art. That does not mean that it is polisemantichka multifunctional (educational, ethnic, linguistic, fun, social). Linguistic literary system implies certain conventions. The literary structure is composed of text and context (genre code metajazichnosta all types of channels, psychological, biographical, biological factors). Literary structure implies something conditionally given (text). Contextual factors – open. The text is the primary datum in the literature. He builds with just reading and valued. Ultimately, it ends in a new value. Text Literary and artistic text Textus Lat. textus = texture, fabric, specific kind of tissue taken from the material environment and ported in the literature. Text – a literary work of art and represents graphic zvukoven part of the work. It is unchangeable part, material, literary and artistic work that is more complex, consisting of immaterial part style. Literary-may be in oral and written (literary) form. Text changes its status through history is part of the moral language conventions. The text is also linked to the development of human civilization. Associated with civilization signs. Each text is articulated and systematized, it is to communicate with him. The author (individual or collective) and the sign, by linking the text for a long time, and the reader was switched off. Today is considered that the reader can influence those literary conventions. Differences between the literary work of art and literary and artistic text. The text is considered an open category, sign, while the work is closed category, the whole classic with reduced significance. It is a theory of Roland Barthes and structuralists in France. Variability of the text seen in the oral tradition. Textuality is as fixed as a material part of the work. Each text serves not only to inform, but also to communicate. Text as a cultural and artistic means authorship readers act vrednvuanje denial and others. Cultural and artistic text linking at least two dimensions – historical and artistic ontological. There are literary and non-literary texts. How to cite Literary Semiotics, Essay examples

Friday, December 6, 2019

Report On Global Business International Market Strategies

Question: Discuss about the Report On Global Business for International Market Strategies. Answer: Global Business Global business strategies are set of skill in order to expand in international market. It defines how the local companies are functioning in the global atmosphere, and how they make decision for successful growth. Global business focuses on managing global organizations, providing them with a basic understanding of cultural forces. It defines the role meant to be applied while focusing on the global expansion. The necessity of blue print and a set of skills while taking a business on international platform (Adekola and Sergi, 2012). For example: Red bull has one of the successful business strategy, it looks like a global product due to its interesting marketing strategies and consistent business plan (Gitman and McDaniel, 2007). We would be discussing the global expansion strategies of Natural Organic Pharmacy which is planning to enter China and South Africa. Background of the company: Natural Organic Pharmacy has developed its product on homeopathic principles and pharmaceutical grade herbal products. It was launched in Melbourne Australia in the year 1999 with a mission to provide high quality, affordable, effective organic herbal solution. It was launched after realizing the difference in the market for attractive and high efficacy organic herbal products. The brand has maintained a strong positioning in the market due to its environment sustainability. The product is been certified 100 % carbon free, cruelty free and is vegan for many years. Today Natural Organic Pharmacy is selling more than 80 organic herbal products. It is been recognized all over Australia for selling the range of best herbal products. The product are sold through medium like physical distribution channels, online selling. They are operating mini stores all over Australia. The company started its online distribution in year 2007. The quality of the product and its patent technology make it one of the recognized brands in Australia. It is only due to the expert team and dedicated staff Natural Organic Pharmacy has become one of the trusted brand. It has a workforce of 500 people in Australia .The annual turnover in 2015 was $45 million. Its patent herbal technology is distinguishing it from other available products. This has created an upsurge in the international market Introduction to Chinese market China has a great market. It is known for establishing business retail outlet by the people from different part of the world. They work with different distribution channel in order to achieve the target result. It has around 25 distinct group of market /city with different market preference, tradition law (Zakkour, 2014).china market is in between the transformation to create new opportunity. The forces which are causing the change are firstly the upper middle class and rich households as the force of expenditure secondly a new age of freer-spending, urbane consumers; and lastly the role played by the e-commerce (Parlabene, 2012). There is good news for all Australian exporters who are dealing in the consumer goods. Chinese market is opening new avenue for the international exporters. Due to its large population .China is opening for Australian natural skincare products; ocean products, wine, fashion, milk products (Export to China, 2016).it is believed that the brand is more important than the price of the product.Shanghai and Beijing each has a population of over 20 million which is more than the Australias population, Australian exporters need to focus on one target market in order to procure the result. It is important to focus on one target market and to create the required result by focusing on one (Cheng, 2014). Entry mode to Chinese market There is different mode to enter into the international market. The Natural Organic Pharmacy solution has already created a brand name in its local market. China provides a huge market to organic pharmaceutical products (Cheng, 2014). It is very important to choose the entry mode while framing global strategies. Various modes to enter into the international market are licensing, franchising, joint venture, export/import and strategic alliance. The choice to enter in a global market completely depends on the companys global expansion strategies with respect to the host country. The Natural Organic Pharmacy can enter through joint venture strategy with the local partner. Partnership is an important mode to enter in Asian market. Firstly local partner understand the market need and culture secondly he can easily communicate with the local distributors. Inter partner compatibility is important. There are four broad areas in which Inter partner compatibility is divided which are culture, strategy , organizational capabilities and financial traits. The compatibility in these key areas provide with the key foundation for a successful international joint venture (Sharpe, 2001). Various risks involved while joint venturing Commercial risk The commercial risk is the risk caused due to financial instability. It is the loss caused due to partners in the market. It occurs due to trading partner willingness to pay. Firstly the most state commercial law and regulations are constituted to serve state owned enterprises entered on economic reform; the non-state enterprise is unequally scrutinizing the ongoing company law. It depicts the ongoing discrimination against non state owned enterprises (Li, 2007). Currency risk It is the risk which is caused due to the threat in term of foreign currencies which are operating in china. The capital market in china is little immature which makes it difficult for the foreign market. The market is subject to fluctuation which causes a great uncertainty in the mind of the foreign investors (Earnshaw, 2005). Countrys risk It is the risk associated with investing in foreign land. There are multiple risks which are political, exchange, economic, sovereign and transfer risk. High volatility in the stock market is one of the factors which may cause instability in the functioning of the organization. Like any other country china doesnt want to be told what is to be done or not. It prefers playing by its own choice. China has a communist economy which makes it difficult for the foreign companies to establish well. Cultural risk It is very difficult to develop relationship with Chinese suppliers. Language is a barrier while doing business in China. In order to secure good business it is essential to know a person who knows the language. A local person can assist in fulfilling customary practices. China has a different culture than other countries. This may act as a barrier while expanding business. Other problems The social tensions linked in the country regarding inequality is hampering the growth of international trade secondly there is an overcapacities in certain set of industries and a high level of debt which is making difficult for the foreign companies to invest thirdly the fragile Chinese banks and ambiguous government policies make the investment more difficult for the international investors. Justification for the chosen country China has the fastest growing economy. It is believed that the country will make a remarkable change in the coming years. It is densely populated and has opened doors for the importers in the field organic pharmaceutical products (Cheng, 2014). China has a population of over1 .371 billion, which is highest in the world (China, 2016). China has the largest growing economy which provides a platform to the outsides in order to make an investment. Chinese economy is growing at a faster rate. It has the fastest growing economy with the high rate of remarkable contribution made by the government efforts towards the growth. Australian exporters need to pace up as the Chinese market is much more faster than the rest of the world.. Chinese market appreciates new trends, innovative ideas and pioneers creative thinking. Innovative ideas would help in creating a good market, which will help in establishing the name very early. It is rightly said about china that, the investor needs to double its overall budget. Dedicated business would overall bring a remarkable change. The Chinese market is believed to increase about the market 9% annually. It is believed that the china economy would be second largest after US (King, 2016). Introduction to South African market South Africa has one of the most stable governments in the African continent and is recognized as one of the emerging markets to invest in compared to the economies of western world (Mail Guardian, 2011).South Africa is considered to be the getaway into Africa due to its comparatively best infrastructure, telecom and highly developed financial and banking system. Setting up of new company law, has simplified the incorporation documents. The banking structure of South African is more illustrative and has developed in recent times. International brand should focus on capturing consumers and consolidating marketplaces (Export markets - South Africa, 2016).Its new growth route must be sustainable Asia-style. This is what many corporate are now facing when entering the African region: seeking to strategically position their businesses in uncertain markets. (Export markets - South Africa, 2016). South Africa is one of the most sophisticated, diverse and promising emerging markets in the world. South Africa has an easy accessibility which distinguishes it from the rest. South Africa provides a good investment opportunity to inside and outside traders. The reasons to invest in South Africa are due to sound economic policies, it is due to fiscal framework and domestic competiveness, a favorable business and legal environment, there is an easy accessibility to the market moreover the trade policies and strategic alliance Trade agreement helps in accelerating the overall growth in the continent.. The Economic Development Division of the Department of Trade and Industry is responsible for negotiating in the behalf of the country (South Africa: open for business, 2016). Mode of entry The mode of entry for Natural Organic Pharmacy product is through the strategic alliance .firstly the company needs to ally with a local South African company in order to distribute the resources. Firstly local partner understand the market need and culture secondly he can easily communicate with the local distributors. Setting up of distribution channels in different cities would be economical for the company due to availability of cheap labor. The South African economy is growing at a fast pace which would enable company to grow. The product can be made available through the distribution channels which are essentially through the local market. It is necessary to partnering with the local as they understand the market needs. Survey shows that the ease of doing business is greater in South Africa as compare to Nigeria, Brazil, India and China (The ease of doing business in South Africa, 2016) The risk involved in South African market is as follows Commercial risk South Africa is a growing economy. It is believed to have huge market investments. The era marked as the growth of the Asian countries but South Africa has an ability to adopt the changes in the field of pharmaceuticals. The company cannot rely on the locals for bearing the cost. No matter the country has the best policies but it is still on a developing stage. In order to minimize the commercial risk the company needs to make a clever investment. Currency risk in Africa It is the risk which is caused due to the market fluctuations and change in the currency rates. South Africa should focus on the currency unification, pooling of reserves and should be facilitated sooner in order to comply with the change in the market segment (Maasdorp, 2016). Country risk The risk associated with investing in foreign country. There are multiple risks which are political, exchange, economic, sovereign and transfer risk. High volatility in the stock market is one of the factors which may cause instability in the functioning of the organization The Company may face initial problem while serving the needs of the local people. It needs to make changes according to the requirement of the local people. Cultural risk South Africa is a land of multiple cultures. It is a land of multiple languages. The business environment is informal. Although South Africa has a transactional culture, understanding local background would help in expanding business (South Africa.2016). Justification for the chosen country Like any other economy South Africa is seeing a tremendous growth in its culture. Due to its growth and status it is made important to choose the African economy as the fastest growing economy. Firstly there will be a tremendous growth in the field of pharmaceutical industry as expected recently. It is due to its diversified market and culture which is enabling the growth.. The distinguished market and its need would surely help in serving the needs of the upcoming company. It can ally with any of the local company in order to serve the needs. By keeping the nominal price which is essential while entering in any of the local South African market The value of South African industry is rising at a high speed. It is predicted that the pharmaceutical industry would do better in the coming years (Holt.et.al, 2015) Urbanization: African population is moving towards urbanization. It is predicted that the country will witness change in coming years. Africas population is showing a massive change in the coming time (Holt.et.al, 2015). Healthcare capacity: There will be a change in the health care facilities in the coming years. It is seen that the country will see a tremendous growth in the health care facilities. When the whole world is at a stagnant point South Africa is showing a fast growth. The key to success is only through good market strategies. The international strategist can only make a remarkable change by adopting the correct market policies .South Africa will grow for the foreseeable future. It will be seen that the market will make good change in the coming years through its policies. Growing economy china China has made a tremendous change in the market segment in terms of pharmaceutical industries. China has the fastest growing economy. It is believed that the country will make a remarkable change in the coming years. It is densely populated and has opened doors for the importers in the field organic pharmaceutical products (Cheng, 2014). It seems to be all good news for Australian exporters, especially consumer goods exporters. Chinese market is opening new avenue for the international exporters. Due to its large population .China is opening door for Australian natural skincare products; seafood, wine, milk powder and fashion products (Export to China, 2016) The Natural Organic Pharmacy can enter through joint venture strategy with the local partner. Partnership is an important mode to enter in Asian market. Firstly local partner understand the market need and culture secondly one can easily communicate with the local distributors. Inter partner compatibility is important. China is now providing perfect atmosphere to the importers for building good strategic alliances. Conclusion: China is considered to be the high paced economy due to its current market trends. It depicts that the Chinese economy will show tremendous changes in the coming year through its strong policies and structure. The country is known for its best infrastructure, telecommunication which would provide a platform to the outside investor. The natural organic is entering in an international business partnering with the local company. This would help in the company in long run. As the local trader understands the market needs. This would help in creating better opportunities as compared to South Africa. References: Adekola, A. and Sergi, B.2012. Global Business Management: A Cross-Cultural Perspective. UK: Ashgate Publishing Cheng, S. (2014). China - A Gold Mine for Consumer Goods Exporters? https://www.australianbusiness.com.au/international-trade/export-markets/china/china---a-gold-mine-for-consumer-goods-exporters- Earnshaw, G.2005. China Economic Review's China Business Guide. China Economic Review Pub Export markets - South Africa.2016. . (Online) Available at: https://www.austrade.gov.au/Australian/Export/Export-markets/Countries/South-Africa/Doing-business (Accessed on: September 8, 2016) Export to China.2016. . (Online) Available at https://www.business.vic.gov.au/export/export-markets/china(Accessed on: September 8, 2016) Gitman, L.and McDaniel, C.2007. The Future of Business: The Essentials.US: Cengage Learning King, R.2016.The China Market. (Online) Available at: https://www.businesslife.com/articles.php?id=1106. (Accessed on: September 8, 2016) King,R.2016. https://www.businesslife.com/articles.php?id=1106 The China Market: Opportunities and Risks Li, S.2007. The Legal Environment and Risks for Foreign Investment in China. Springer Science Business Media Maasdorp, G.2016. Can South and Southern Africa become Globally Competitive Economies? Springer Parlabene, L.2012. Market entry strategy for the Chinese market on the example of Volkswagen. GRIN Verlag The ease of doing business in South Africa.2016. . (Online) Available at https://www.southafrica.info/business/investing/open.htm#ease. (Accessed on: September 8, 2016) Vrondas, J.2016.Doing Business in China and Foreign Exchange Risk Management. (Online) Available at: https://www.americanexpress.com/us/content/foreign-exchange/articles/doing-business-in-china-managing-foreign-exchange-risk/ (Accessed on 8 September 2016) Wagner, D.2012. Managing Country Risk: A Practitioners Guide to Effective Cross-Border Risk Analysis a Productivity Press book. CRC Press Yan, A. and Luo.Y.2001. International Joint Ventures: Theory and Practice. M.E. Sharpe. Zakkour, M.2014. 'The China Market' Becomes 'The China Global Demographic'(Online).Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelzakkour/2014/03/13/the-china-market-becomes-the-china-global-demographic/#45856f3f2e6d (accessed on: September 8, 2016) South Africa.2016. (Online). Available at: https://www.tmf-group.com/en/media-centre/resources/top-challenges/emea/south-africa. (Accessed on: September 12, 2016)

Report On Global Business International Market Strategies

Question: Discuss about the Report On Global Business for International Market Strategies. Answer: Global Business Global business strategies are set of skill in order to expand in international market. It defines how the local companies are functioning in the global atmosphere, and how they make decision for successful growth. Global business focuses on managing global organizations, providing them with a basic understanding of cultural forces. It defines the role meant to be applied while focusing on the global expansion. The necessity of blue print and a set of skills while taking a business on international platform (Adekola and Sergi, 2012). For example: Red bull has one of the successful business strategy, it looks like a global product due to its interesting marketing strategies and consistent business plan (Gitman and McDaniel, 2007). We would be discussing the global expansion strategies of Natural Organic Pharmacy which is planning to enter China and South Africa. Background of the company: Natural Organic Pharmacy has developed its product on homeopathic principles and pharmaceutical grade herbal products. It was launched in Melbourne Australia in the year 1999 with a mission to provide high quality, affordable, effective organic herbal solution. It was launched after realizing the difference in the market for attractive and high efficacy organic herbal products. The brand has maintained a strong positioning in the market due to its environment sustainability. The product is been certified 100 % carbon free, cruelty free and is vegan for many years. Today Natural Organic Pharmacy is selling more than 80 organic herbal products. It is been recognized all over Australia for selling the range of best herbal products. The product are sold through medium like physical distribution channels, online selling. They are operating mini stores all over Australia. The company started its online distribution in year 2007. The quality of the product and its patent technology make it one of the recognized brands in Australia. It is only due to the expert team and dedicated staff Natural Organic Pharmacy has become one of the trusted brand. It has a workforce of 500 people in Australia .The annual turnover in 2015 was $45 million. Its patent herbal technology is distinguishing it from other available products. This has created an upsurge in the international market Introduction to Chinese market China has a great market. It is known for establishing business retail outlet by the people from different part of the world. They work with different distribution channel in order to achieve the target result. It has around 25 distinct group of market /city with different market preference, tradition law (Zakkour, 2014).china market is in between the transformation to create new opportunity. The forces which are causing the change are firstly the upper middle class and rich households as the force of expenditure secondly a new age of freer-spending, urbane consumers; and lastly the role played by the e-commerce (Parlabene, 2012). There is good news for all Australian exporters who are dealing in the consumer goods. Chinese market is opening new avenue for the international exporters. Due to its large population .China is opening for Australian natural skincare products; ocean products, wine, fashion, milk products (Export to China, 2016).it is believed that the brand is more important than the price of the product.Shanghai and Beijing each has a population of over 20 million which is more than the Australias population, Australian exporters need to focus on one target market in order to procure the result. It is important to focus on one target market and to create the required result by focusing on one (Cheng, 2014). Entry mode to Chinese market There is different mode to enter into the international market. The Natural Organic Pharmacy solution has already created a brand name in its local market. China provides a huge market to organic pharmaceutical products (Cheng, 2014). It is very important to choose the entry mode while framing global strategies. Various modes to enter into the international market are licensing, franchising, joint venture, export/import and strategic alliance. The choice to enter in a global market completely depends on the companys global expansion strategies with respect to the host country. The Natural Organic Pharmacy can enter through joint venture strategy with the local partner. Partnership is an important mode to enter in Asian market. Firstly local partner understand the market need and culture secondly he can easily communicate with the local distributors. Inter partner compatibility is important. There are four broad areas in which Inter partner compatibility is divided which are culture, strategy , organizational capabilities and financial traits. The compatibility in these key areas provide with the key foundation for a successful international joint venture (Sharpe, 2001). Various risks involved while joint venturing Commercial risk The commercial risk is the risk caused due to financial instability. It is the loss caused due to partners in the market. It occurs due to trading partner willingness to pay. Firstly the most state commercial law and regulations are constituted to serve state owned enterprises entered on economic reform; the non-state enterprise is unequally scrutinizing the ongoing company law. It depicts the ongoing discrimination against non state owned enterprises (Li, 2007). Currency risk It is the risk which is caused due to the threat in term of foreign currencies which are operating in china. The capital market in china is little immature which makes it difficult for the foreign market. The market is subject to fluctuation which causes a great uncertainty in the mind of the foreign investors (Earnshaw, 2005). Countrys risk It is the risk associated with investing in foreign land. There are multiple risks which are political, exchange, economic, sovereign and transfer risk. High volatility in the stock market is one of the factors which may cause instability in the functioning of the organization. Like any other country china doesnt want to be told what is to be done or not. It prefers playing by its own choice. China has a communist economy which makes it difficult for the foreign companies to establish well. Cultural risk It is very difficult to develop relationship with Chinese suppliers. Language is a barrier while doing business in China. In order to secure good business it is essential to know a person who knows the language. A local person can assist in fulfilling customary practices. China has a different culture than other countries. This may act as a barrier while expanding business. Other problems The social tensions linked in the country regarding inequality is hampering the growth of international trade secondly there is an overcapacities in certain set of industries and a high level of debt which is making difficult for the foreign companies to invest thirdly the fragile Chinese banks and ambiguous government policies make the investment more difficult for the international investors. Justification for the chosen country China has the fastest growing economy. It is believed that the country will make a remarkable change in the coming years. It is densely populated and has opened doors for the importers in the field organic pharmaceutical products (Cheng, 2014). China has a population of over1 .371 billion, which is highest in the world (China, 2016). China has the largest growing economy which provides a platform to the outsides in order to make an investment. Chinese economy is growing at a faster rate. It has the fastest growing economy with the high rate of remarkable contribution made by the government efforts towards the growth. Australian exporters need to pace up as the Chinese market is much more faster than the rest of the world.. Chinese market appreciates new trends, innovative ideas and pioneers creative thinking. Innovative ideas would help in creating a good market, which will help in establishing the name very early. It is rightly said about china that, the investor needs to double its overall budget. Dedicated business would overall bring a remarkable change. The Chinese market is believed to increase about the market 9% annually. It is believed that the china economy would be second largest after US (King, 2016). Introduction to South African market South Africa has one of the most stable governments in the African continent and is recognized as one of the emerging markets to invest in compared to the economies of western world (Mail Guardian, 2011).South Africa is considered to be the getaway into Africa due to its comparatively best infrastructure, telecom and highly developed financial and banking system. Setting up of new company law, has simplified the incorporation documents. The banking structure of South African is more illustrative and has developed in recent times. International brand should focus on capturing consumers and consolidating marketplaces (Export markets - South Africa, 2016).Its new growth route must be sustainable Asia-style. This is what many corporate are now facing when entering the African region: seeking to strategically position their businesses in uncertain markets. (Export markets - South Africa, 2016). South Africa is one of the most sophisticated, diverse and promising emerging markets in the world. South Africa has an easy accessibility which distinguishes it from the rest. South Africa provides a good investment opportunity to inside and outside traders. The reasons to invest in South Africa are due to sound economic policies, it is due to fiscal framework and domestic competiveness, a favorable business and legal environment, there is an easy accessibility to the market moreover the trade policies and strategic alliance Trade agreement helps in accelerating the overall growth in the continent.. The Economic Development Division of the Department of Trade and Industry is responsible for negotiating in the behalf of the country (South Africa: open for business, 2016). Mode of entry The mode of entry for Natural Organic Pharmacy product is through the strategic alliance .firstly the company needs to ally with a local South African company in order to distribute the resources. Firstly local partner understand the market need and culture secondly he can easily communicate with the local distributors. Setting up of distribution channels in different cities would be economical for the company due to availability of cheap labor. The South African economy is growing at a fast pace which would enable company to grow. The product can be made available through the distribution channels which are essentially through the local market. It is necessary to partnering with the local as they understand the market needs. Survey shows that the ease of doing business is greater in South Africa as compare to Nigeria, Brazil, India and China (The ease of doing business in South Africa, 2016) The risk involved in South African market is as follows Commercial risk South Africa is a growing economy. It is believed to have huge market investments. The era marked as the growth of the Asian countries but South Africa has an ability to adopt the changes in the field of pharmaceuticals. The company cannot rely on the locals for bearing the cost. No matter the country has the best policies but it is still on a developing stage. In order to minimize the commercial risk the company needs to make a clever investment. Currency risk in Africa It is the risk which is caused due to the market fluctuations and change in the currency rates. South Africa should focus on the currency unification, pooling of reserves and should be facilitated sooner in order to comply with the change in the market segment (Maasdorp, 2016). Country risk The risk associated with investing in foreign country. There are multiple risks which are political, exchange, economic, sovereign and transfer risk. High volatility in the stock market is one of the factors which may cause instability in the functioning of the organization The Company may face initial problem while serving the needs of the local people. It needs to make changes according to the requirement of the local people. Cultural risk South Africa is a land of multiple cultures. It is a land of multiple languages. The business environment is informal. Although South Africa has a transactional culture, understanding local background would help in expanding business (South Africa.2016). Justification for the chosen country Like any other economy South Africa is seeing a tremendous growth in its culture. Due to its growth and status it is made important to choose the African economy as the fastest growing economy. Firstly there will be a tremendous growth in the field of pharmaceutical industry as expected recently. It is due to its diversified market and culture which is enabling the growth.. The distinguished market and its need would surely help in serving the needs of the upcoming company. It can ally with any of the local company in order to serve the needs. By keeping the nominal price which is essential while entering in any of the local South African market The value of South African industry is rising at a high speed. It is predicted that the pharmaceutical industry would do better in the coming years (Holt.et.al, 2015) Urbanization: African population is moving towards urbanization. It is predicted that the country will witness change in coming years. Africas population is showing a massive change in the coming time (Holt.et.al, 2015). Healthcare capacity: There will be a change in the health care facilities in the coming years. It is seen that the country will see a tremendous growth in the health care facilities. When the whole world is at a stagnant point South Africa is showing a fast growth. The key to success is only through good market strategies. The international strategist can only make a remarkable change by adopting the correct market policies .South Africa will grow for the foreseeable future. It will be seen that the market will make good change in the coming years through its policies. Growing economy china China has made a tremendous change in the market segment in terms of pharmaceutical industries. China has the fastest growing economy. It is believed that the country will make a remarkable change in the coming years. It is densely populated and has opened doors for the importers in the field organic pharmaceutical products (Cheng, 2014). It seems to be all good news for Australian exporters, especially consumer goods exporters. Chinese market is opening new avenue for the international exporters. Due to its large population .China is opening door for Australian natural skincare products; seafood, wine, milk powder and fashion products (Export to China, 2016) The Natural Organic Pharmacy can enter through joint venture strategy with the local partner. Partnership is an important mode to enter in Asian market. Firstly local partner understand the market need and culture secondly one can easily communicate with the local distributors. Inter partner compatibility is important. China is now providing perfect atmosphere to the importers for building good strategic alliances. Conclusion: China is considered to be the high paced economy due to its current market trends. It depicts that the Chinese economy will show tremendous changes in the coming year through its strong policies and structure. The country is known for its best infrastructure, telecommunication which would provide a platform to the outside investor. The natural organic is entering in an international business partnering with the local company. This would help in the company in long run. As the local trader understands the market needs. This would help in creating better opportunities as compared to South Africa. References: Adekola, A. and Sergi, B.2012. Global Business Management: A Cross-Cultural Perspective. UK: Ashgate Publishing Cheng, S. (2014). China - A Gold Mine for Consumer Goods Exporters? https://www.australianbusiness.com.au/international-trade/export-markets/china/china---a-gold-mine-for-consumer-goods-exporters- Earnshaw, G.2005. China Economic Review's China Business Guide. China Economic Review Pub Export markets - South Africa.2016. . (Online) Available at: https://www.austrade.gov.au/Australian/Export/Export-markets/Countries/South-Africa/Doing-business (Accessed on: September 8, 2016) Export to China.2016. . (Online) Available at https://www.business.vic.gov.au/export/export-markets/china(Accessed on: September 8, 2016) Gitman, L.and McDaniel, C.2007. The Future of Business: The Essentials.US: Cengage Learning King, R.2016.The China Market. (Online) Available at: https://www.businesslife.com/articles.php?id=1106. (Accessed on: September 8, 2016) King,R.2016. https://www.businesslife.com/articles.php?id=1106 The China Market: Opportunities and Risks Li, S.2007. The Legal Environment and Risks for Foreign Investment in China. Springer Science Business Media Maasdorp, G.2016. Can South and Southern Africa become Globally Competitive Economies? Springer Parlabene, L.2012. Market entry strategy for the Chinese market on the example of Volkswagen. GRIN Verlag The ease of doing business in South Africa.2016. . (Online) Available at https://www.southafrica.info/business/investing/open.htm#ease. (Accessed on: September 8, 2016) Vrondas, J.2016.Doing Business in China and Foreign Exchange Risk Management. (Online) Available at: https://www.americanexpress.com/us/content/foreign-exchange/articles/doing-business-in-china-managing-foreign-exchange-risk/ (Accessed on 8 September 2016) Wagner, D.2012. Managing Country Risk: A Practitioners Guide to Effective Cross-Border Risk Analysis a Productivity Press book. CRC Press Yan, A. and Luo.Y.2001. International Joint Ventures: Theory and Practice. M.E. Sharpe. Zakkour, M.2014. 'The China Market' Becomes 'The China Global Demographic'(Online).Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelzakkour/2014/03/13/the-china-market-becomes-the-china-global-demographic/#45856f3f2e6d (accessed on: September 8, 2016) South Africa.2016. (Online). Available at: https://www.tmf-group.com/en/media-centre/resources/top-challenges/emea/south-africa. (Accessed on: September 12, 2016)